Summary of Infection Control Measures
| Virus | Incubation Period | Duration of Infectivity | Prophylaxis | Antiviral Treatment |
| Measles | 7-14 days | 4 days before to 2 days after rash appears | HNIG and vaccination | Possibly ribavirin |
| Varicella | 10-21 days | 4 days before to 5 days after rash appears | ZIG and vaccination | Acyclovir, famciclovir, |
| Zoster | 5 to 7 days after rash appears | Acyclovir | Acyclovir and valaciclovir | |
| Mumps | 14-24 days | 2 days prior to and 4 days after parotitis appears | Vaccination | None |
| RSV | 3-7 days | 3 days prior to onset of symptoms to cessation of symptoms | None | Ribavirin |
| Influenza | 1-4 days | 1 day before to 4 days after onset of symptoms | Vaccination,
Amantidine (flu A), zanamivir |
Amantidine (flu A), zanamivir |
| Parainfluenza | 3-8 days | 3 to 10 days | None | None |
| Rubella | 14-21 days | 7 days before to 10 days following rash | Vaccination, ?HNIG | None |
| Parvovirus | 6-8 days | 10 days prior to appearance of the rash | HNIG | HNIG |
| Rotavirus | 1-3 days | Adults for
duration of symptoms Children up to 5 days after end of symptoms |
Vaccination | None |
| Other diarrhoeal viruses | up to 48 hours | 24 to 48 hours | None | None |
| Enterovirus | 2-35 days | 3-4 days prior to and up to 2 weeks after symptoms | Vaccination (polio) | HNIG |
| Hepatitis A | 2-6 weeks | 3 weeks prior to onset to 1 week after onset of jaundice | HNIG Vaccination |
None |
| Herpes Simplex | 2-11 days | Primary infection 3-4 weeks, secondary infection 3-5 days | Acyclovir | Acyclovir,
famciclovir, valaciclovir |
| Adenovirus | 5-10 days | up to 10 days following onset of symptoms | None | None |
| Hepatitis B | 2-6 months | Variable | HBIG, vaccination | interferon, 3TC |
| HIV | up to 6 months before seroconversion | Lifelong | AZT+ other agents | AZT and other agents |
| Hepatitis C | 5-10 days | Variable | None | Interferon, ribavirin |
| VHF | 2-21 days | 14 days following onset of symptoms but may be as long as 2 months | Ribavirin | Ribavirin |
